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| How Dangerous
It Is |
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The
word 'Plastic' comes from the Greek word 'plastik'
which literally means "anything mouldable".
Though plastics are just 2.7% of the waste, they
account for 30% by volume and are a major threat
to the environment. |
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Highly toxic and
non-biodegradable, they can never be got rid off (except
burning which itself releases toxic fumes). Toxins from
plastic bags leach into soil making it barren. Dioxins
released from plastic bags in garbage dumps and landfill
sites contaminate water and can lead to cancer.
Yet, even among plastics, you'll be surprised to know
that there are different degrees of harmfulness. Though
all plastics are non-biodegradable, 60% of them are considered
"good " while the rest pose the threat.
The second category of plastics (22%) need monitoring
as they last for upto 3 months of use. These are items
like detergent and shampoo bottles, jars for cosmetics,
oil, ghee, squeezable tubes etc. Some other plastic items
are discarded immediately after use like multi-coloured
plastic bags, Pepsi and Coke glasses, bread and spice
packaging, packets for noodles, toffees, groceries, chocolates
and sweets. etc these constitute 18% on an average.
Today consumers pay a lot for attractive
packaging but this is non eco-friendly. Packaging account
for 5 to 45% of consumer spending. For most of these
products; recycled paper is a feasible option. The Government
should take a policy decision on the materials which
can be used by the packaging industry; Subsequently
there should be a ban on manufacture of disallowed plastics-there
is no use putting a ban on their sale and use, without
a ban on their production in the first place.
Carry bags are the small, thin, coloured plastic bags
available at vegetable, fruit, meat, sweet and medical
shops. 58% of these last only from the shop to the home.
They have zero reusability. Every recycling reduces
their strength further so that these bags tear easily.
Most of these plastics find their way into and block
open drains and sewers, adding to the proliferation
of mosquitoes, flies and bacteria. Since they have little
recycling value and are very light, ragpickers tend
to ignore them. As a result, cows and other animals
that feed on garbage dumps often choke to death when
they swallow plastic bags while plastic bags, when disposed
in the sea and on beaches are fatal to marine life.
The indiscriminate use of plastic has damaged the ecology
of Himalayas. Even the route to Mt. Everest is now degraded.
• The domestic demand of plastic is expected to
cross and million tones by 2001 – 2002. Confirming
as a material of choice in numerous applications due
to depletion of already scare natural resources.
• The government of Himachal Pradesh was one of
the earliest to introduce legislation prohibiting the
throwing or disposing of plastic articles in public
places.
• The union ministry of environment and forests
has recently notified the "Recycled Plastic manufacture
and usage rules, 1999". These rules require that
carry bags or containers used for purposes of storing
shall be made of virgin plastic and be in natural shade
or white.
• Recycling of plastics shall also be undertaken
strictly in accordance with specifications prescribed
by the Bureau of Indian standards and shall carry a
mark that the product is manufactured out of recycled
plastic.
• All vendors are prohibited to use carry bags
or containers made out of recycled plastic for storing,
carrying, dispensing or packaging of food style.
• In July 2001, a committee was constituted under
the chairmanship of Mr. Justice Ranganath Mishra, former
Chief Justice of India, to examine among others "various
environmental issues relating to discriminate littering
of plastic wastes with particular reference to disposal".
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